CHAPTER VII
ACTION WITH RESPECT TO THREATS TO THE PEACE, BREACHES OF THE
PEACE, AND ACTS OF AGGRESSION
Article 39
The Security Council shall determine the existence of any threat to
the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression and
shall make recommendations, or decide what measures shall be taken
in accordance with Articles 41 and 42, to maintain
or restore international peace and security.
Article 40
In order to prevent an aggravation of the situation, the Security Council
may, before making the recommendations or
deciding upon the measures provided for in Article 39, call upon the
parties concerned to comply with such provisional
measures as it deems necessary or desirable. Such provisional measures
shall be without prejudice to the rights, claims,
or position of the parties concerned. The Security Council shall duly
take account of failure to comply with such provisional
measures.
Article 41
The Security Council may decide what measures not involving the use
of armed force are to be employed to give effect to
its decisions, and it may call upon the Members of the United Nations
to apply such measures. These may include complete
or partial interruption of economic relations and of rail, sea, air,
postal, telegraphic, radio, and other means of
communication, and the severance of diplomatic relations.
Article 42
Should the Security Council consider that measures provided for in Article
41 would be inadequate or have proved to be
inadequate, it may take such action by air, sea, or land forces as
may be necessary to maintain or restore international
peace and security. Such action may include demonstrations, blockade,
and other operations by air, sea, or land forces of
Members of the United Nations.
Article 43
1.All Members of the United Nations, in order to
contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security,
undertake to make available to the Security
Council, on its call and in accordance with a special agreement or
agreements, armed forces, assistance, and
facilities, including rights of passage, necessary for the purpose of
maintaining international peace and security.
2.Such agreement or agreements shall govern the numbers
and types of forces, their degree of readiness and
general location, and the nature of the facilities
and assistance to be provided.
3.The agreement or agreements shall be negotiated
as soon as possible on the initiative of the Security Council. They
shall be concluded between the Security Council
and Members or between the Security Council and groups of
Members and shall be subject to ratification
by the signatory states in accordance with their respective
constitutional processes.
Article 44
When the Security Council has decided to use force it shall, before
calling upon a Member not represented on it to provide
armed forces in fulfilment of the obligations assumed under Article
43, invite that Member, if the Member so desires, to
participate in the decisions of the Security Council concerning the
employment of contingents of that Member's armed
forces.
Article 45
In order to enable the United Nations to take urgent military measures,
Members shall hold immediately available national
air-force contingents for combined international enforcement action.
The strength and degree of readiness of these
contingents and plans for their combined action shall be determined
within the limits laid down in the special agreement or
agreements referred to in Article 43, by the Security Council with
the assistance of the Military Staff Committee.
Article 46
Plans for the application of armed force shall be made by the Security
Council with the assistance of the Military Staff
Committee.
Article 47
1.There shall be established a Military Staff Committee
to advise and assist the Security Council on all questions
relating to the Security Council's military
requirements for the maintenance of international peace and security, the
employment and command of forces placed at
its disposal, the regulation of armaments, and possible
disarmament.
2.The Military Staff Committee shall consist of the
Chiefs of Staff of the permanent members of the Security Council or
their representatives. Any Member of the United
Nations not permanently represented on the Committee shall be
invited by the Committee to be associated
with it when the efficient discharge of the Committee's responsibilities
requires the participation of that Member
in its work.
3.The Military Staff Committee shall be responsible
under the Security Council for the strategic direction of any armed
forces placed at the disposal of the Security
Council. Questions relating to the command of such forces shall be
worked out subsequently.
4.The Military Staff Committee, with the authorization
of the Security Council and after consultation with appropriate
regional agencies, may establish regional
sub-committees.
Article 48
1.The action required to carry out the decisions
of the Security Council for the maintenance of international peace and
security shall be taken by all the Members
of the United Nations or by some of them, as the Security Council may
determine.
2.Such decisions shall be carried out by the Members
of the United Nations directly and through their action in the
appropriate international agencies of which
they remembers.
Article 49
The Members of the United Nations shall join in affording mutual assistance
in carrying out the measures decided upon by
the Security Council.
Article 50
If preventive or enforcement measures against any state are taken by
the Security Council, any other state, whether a
Member of the United Nations or not, which finds itself confronted
with special economic problems arising from the
carrying out of those measures shall have the right to consult the
Security Council with regard to a solution of those
problems.
Article 51
Nothing in the present Charter shall impair the inherent right of individual
or collective self-defence if an armed attack
occurs against a Member of the United Nations, until the Security Council
has taken measures necessary to maintain
international peace and security. Measures taken by Members in the
exercise of this right of self-defence shall be
immediately reported to the Security Council and shall not in any way
affect the authority and responsibility of the Security
Council under the present Charter to take at any time such action as
it deems necessary in order to maintain or restore
international peace and security.